【高中英语作文外表重要吗】如何写英语作文系列：如何写英语描述文(原创)

一、解释性说明的定义

描写文是文章基本体裁之一，用生动形象的语言生动地描述或描写人物、事物、景物等特征和性格，使读者仿佛听到了那种声音。(威廉莎士比亚，温斯顿)为了突出人或事物的特征，经常使用描述和叙述。

二、解释性说明的类别

从描述的角度来看，描述分为主观描述和客观描述。两大部分。前者强调作者的态度和观点，后者描述事物本身的特性。就描写对象而言，描写文可以分为人物描写、景物描写、场景描写。人物描写还包括肖像描写、行为描写、语言描写、心理描写。景物描述更多的是步法、静态描述法、动态描述法、渐渐描述法、同分描述法和时间超越法。场景描述是指对劳动场景、会议场景、战斗场景等特定时间和地点发生的事情的描述。场景描述可以分为直接描述和间接描述，前者直接介绍场景，后者通过其他人物或事件的描述、叙述或反应间接突出主人公。根据参考对象的特性，间接描述可以分别使用定势法和反世里法。

第三，描述说明文的文体特征

描述文和叙述文不同。叙述以时间为重点，描写更以空间为重点，使所描述对象的形象具有鲜明的立体感。好的描述必须把握两个关键：印象和忠实的细节。请比较以下两个说明主题文章。

1.the student lounge is a place where students congregate in a leisurely fashion，and as a result it is not always attractive and neat .

2.The student lounge is a messy room。

对前一句“student lounge”的描述内容丰富，强调了现象发生的原因，但后一句显然缺乏描述的准确性。

特别是，不同类型的说明文各有特色。

人物描写要生动，让读者像看文章一样看人。人物描写可以包含两个方面的内容，一个是外貌描写，另一个是心理描写。外貌描写的基本要求之一是揭示人物性格特征的服务，要想达到这个效果，必须使用描述性形容词和副词，必须包含视觉、听觉、味觉和触觉的详细描写。外貌描述一般是按照空间的顺序展开的。心理描写突出人物的内心精神世界，描写人物的思想感情和思想斗争历程，塑造人物形象、表达中心思想的主要手段。

景物描写是对景色和周围家具的描写，主要有两种形式，一种是以全篇描写景物为主。一个是在人、文章、议论中插入景物描写。描写风景时要注意三个方面。首先要有整体的视角。第二，要善于捕捉风景的颜色和姿势。最后，任何句子都不是单纯为了写风景而写风景，描写的景物总是要赋予他思想和感情。一篇美丽的文章只有渗透作者的真实感，才能更好地表达文章中心思想，准确地表达作者的心情。

将人、物、场景的描写融合在一张纸上，称为综合描写文。综合描述文要求作者对上述几种描述方法的掌握和对结构的良好控制。综合说明文不是单纯地把说明对象聚集在一起，而是巧妙地使用连接手段，实现人物和场景的融合。写人的同时写景色，写景色突出人物心理，写风景要为人服务。

四、说明文的写作要领

1.整理描写顺序

记叙文的写法多种多样。可以先具体描述某个事物，然后泛用与它相关的其他事物。可以先写不重要的东西，也可以重点强调最后要描述的东西。也可以根据事物所在空间的顺序(如前后左右等)来描述事物。

2.培养观察力，发挥想象力

语言描写能力离不开丰富的想象力和敏锐的观察力。因此，在日常生活中，要利用感官，多观察周围的事物，捕捉生活的细节，在英语学习中进行广泛的阅读，积累词汇，多进行模拟描写训练。

3.善于细节描写

写作文最基本的要求是用具体的细节表达思想。英语写作有“show more than tell”的座右铭。以下两个例句清楚地说明了这一点。

(1)He was very、very angry。

(2) his face turned red，and one corner of his mouth twitched as he tried to control his anger。

巧用修辞

根据描述的需要，适当运用比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法，可以使描述更加生动、形象化、更好地说明问题。例如：

(1)He says he is almost as busy as a bee。

(2) My heart is like a singing bird .

范文和评论

范文1

The Harvest Time

perhaps autumn is the most pleasant season of the year . the weather is neither too hot nor too cold . it is the best time for going to the countryse

last Sunday we went to the country side . there was golden wheat

all over the fields. There was a wood of fruit trees surrounded by there fields, in which large and colorful apples and pears were hanging heavy on the trees. We could see that some peasants were busy cutting the wheat in the fields, and others were picking fruits from the trees. All the baskets were full lovely fruits. They are the reward to the hard work of the peasants.

I love the harvest time. Standing in the farm lands I felt that I was in a splendid fairyland.

评析: 文章描写了秋收的场景，借作者的眼睛和视角，呈现一片丰收景象。对农民忙着收割庄稼和摘水果的描写属于直接描写，作者的感受则属于间接描写。两种描写共用把人的劳动和大自然的美结合起来构成一幅美丽的图画。

范文2

City Life and Country Life城市生活与乡村生活

Life in a Metropolis

A metropolis is a place where many young people long to live in, as there seem to be shining rings above their sky and a paradise to fulfill their ambitions and dreams. So what is the life in it? Do people living in it really feel happy?

A metropolis is overcrowded with its houses and apartments boxed together. The streets are crowded and the buses are full. There are skyscrapers in a metropolis, but they may create the sense of oppression. There are many top-grade restaurants, spas and hotels in it, but they are only at the service of rich people. There are advanced facilities everywhere, but they may evoke the inhospitality among people. There are plenty of opportunities here for young people to earn good money, but the pride and temporary satisfaction are acquired at the expense of health, happiness and peace. Some people may believe that their values of life are realized in the metropolis, but they actually have no idea of what they have lost in the rat race. I don’t mean that no one should live in a metropolis. I just believe that people should not be crazy to swarm into that so called paradise if they have not carefully calculated their gains and loss in the future.

In a word, people lose much in a metropolis, and it is a pity that they are still willing to lose even more.

常用表达法与佳句

long to do

fulfill one’s ambition and dream

realize one’s dream

create the sense of

in the rat race

evoke the inhospitality

at the expense of health

have no idea of

be crazy to do

swarm into

So what is the life in a metropolis?

A metropolis is a place where many young people long to live in.

A metropolis is overcrowded with its houses and apartments boxed together.

A metropolis offers many job opportunities.

There are more opportunities of meeting a variety of interesting people in a big city.

A metropolis have an efficient public transportation system.

The air in a metropolis is seriously polluted and there are too many noises.

注意：非经过本人同意，禁止转载。